Inadmissible evidence could not create a triable issue of material fact at summary judgement stage, so plaintiff failed to show City had constructive knowledge of dangerous condition on its property.
May
A hirer of an independent contractor may be liable to an innocent bystander for injuries caused by the contractor’s negligence simply by retaining control over the contractor’s work, if the hirer’s exercise of its retained control was a substantial factor in causing the bystander’s injury.